History
Crusades and Jihad: Connection with Holy Wars
The idea of holy war is a medieval invention and differs from the ancient human impulse to fight in the name of a god. There were a few other elements needed to make a medieval war holy. […]
History
American History
Themes of Faith and Hope in ‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’
The ‘national anthem’ of Black Americans, ‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’ also speaks of faith and hope. Inspired, free Blacks started their own churches; safe spaces for worship, socialize, and discuss racial matters, free of white interference. […]
American History
‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’: The Journey from Slavery to Freedom
Written more than a century ago, the song, ‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’, was able to capture the emotions of Black Americans very well. It celebrated emancipation and conveyed the feelings of accomplishment of the African Americans. It affirmed the strength that African Americans had exhibited during the journey from slavery to freedom. […]
American History
‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’: The National Anthem of Black America
The lyrics of James W. Johnson’s song, ‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’, called for collective action; urged African Americans not to suffer silently; and reminded that the pain of the past was not to be minimized. […]
European History
How Can NATO Help Ukraine?
NATO was formed in 1949 by a dozen European and North American countries. Since then, its numbers have grown to a total of 30 nations. NATO also helps non-member nations. […]
American History
James W. Johnson: The Person behind ‘Lift Every Voice and Sing’
James W. Johnson saw white supremacy as a powerful force impacting the lives of every African American. To bring about changes, he practiced law, ran a school, published a newspaper, and pursued poetry and songwriting. […]
History
How Medieval Anti-Semitism Became Rooted in Popular Consciousness
In the 12th century, the Church decided to focus on the sacrament of the Mass: A ritual reenacting Christ’s last meal with his disciples. But this time a new doctrine was introduced. […]
History
Where Did Soccer Originate?
How was soccer invented? Soccer, rugby, golf, tennis, cricket, and even baseball have their roots in the Middle Ages. As the World Cup plays out in Qatar, Wondrium has answers. […]
History
How Did Church Leaders Influence Anti-Semitism?
In Medieval times, some Christians took to acting out in violence against the Jewish communities who lived among them. The Church tried to discourage Christians from this behavior, but not with great results. […]
History
The Medieval Roots of Anti-Semitism
Unlike the Jews who lived in the Mediterranean and had a relatively peaceful life and were allowed to practice their own religion, Jews who lived in the Latin West had a very different experience. […]