Earth Science

The theory of plate tectonics was accepted by the world of science because of the overwhelming evidence. This theory was also able to successfully combine new data from different disciplines. […]

Out of the Earth’s many geochemical cycles, three are most important: water cycle, atmospheric cycle, and rock cycle. […]

Convergent boundaries mark places where the mantle convection goes down, the plates converge, and one of them plunges beneath the other one. There are three kinds of boundaries possible in a convergent situation. […]

Wherever two plates slide by each other, transform boundaries will occur. Among these boundaries is the San Andreas Fault, which is located in California and is extremely active. […]

The most convincing evidence for the formation of new crust came from sea-floor magnetic data and the age of volcanic islands. Learning about them has been a pivotal point in the history of plate tectonics. […]

The eventual accumulation and weight of overwhelming evidence convinced the geological community to abandon years of research on isostacy and instead focus on the theory of plate tectonics. […]

The continental drift theory was proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1912. It was based on several intriguing observations he made regarding the match-up of geological and paleontological phenomena across the Atlantic Ocean. […]

A new crust of volcanic material is formed along divergent boundaries. There are many divergent boundaries, such as, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Indian Ocean Ridge, and the Juan de Fuca Ridge. […]

James Hutton believed that great geological change could have taken place through countless decades of gradual increments called “uniformitarianism”. […]